Supplemental Tables

Supplemental Table S1.

Physicochemical characteristics of Iodine-Based Contrast Media

 

Name

Structure

Ionicity

Application

Concentration

Molecular Weight

Osmolality 37ºC

Viscosity 37ºC

1-Butanol/Water Partition Coefficient 37ºC

 

 

 

 

(mgI/ml)

(Dalton)

(mOsm/kg)

(mPa× s)

P (log P)

 

Iohexol

 

Monomeric

 

Nonionic

 

IV

 

300

 

821

 

690

 

6.2

 

0.082 (-1.086)

Iopromide

Monomeric

Nonionic

IV

300

791

586

4.6

0.149 (-0.827)

Iopamidol

Monomeric

Nonionic

IV

300

777

616

4.7

0.089 (-1.050)

Iomeprol

Monomeric

Nonionic

IV

300

777

521

4.5

0.105 (-0.979)

Ioversol

Monomeric

Nonionic

IV

300

807

645

5.5

0.031 (-1.509)

Iobitridol

Monomeric

Nonionic

IV

300

835

695

6.0

NA

Iodixanol

Dimeric

Nonionic

IV

320

1550

290

11.4

0.028 (-1.552)

Diatrizoate*

Monomeric

Ionic

Oral

370

614

2150

8.9

0.044 (-1.356)

Ioxitalamate*

Monomeric

Ionic

Oral

300

644

1710

5.3

NA

 

NA = not available

 

 

 

Supplemental Table S2.

Physicochemical characteristics and stability constants of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents

 

Name

Ligand

Structure

Ionicity

Molecular Weight

Osmolality

Viscosity 37ºC

T1 relaxivity in blood, 1.5T

T2 relaxivity in blood, 1.5T

 

 

 

 

(Dalton)

(mOsm/kg)

(mPa·s)

(L/mmol·× s)

(L/mmol·× s)

 

Gadopentetate

 

DTPA

 

Linear

 

Ionic

 

939.0

 

1960

 

2.9

 

4.3

 

4.4

Gadodiamide

DTPA-BMA

Linear

Nonionic

537.6

789

1.4

4.6

6.9

Gadobenate

BOPTA

Linear

Ionic

1058.2

1970

5.4

6.7

8.9

Gadoxetate

EOB-DTPA

Linear

Ionic

682.0

688

1.2

7.3

9.1

Gadoteridol

HP-DO3A

Macrocyclic

Nonionic

558.7

630

1.3

4.4

5.5

Gadobutrol

BT-DO3A

Macrocyclic

Nonionic

604.7

1603

4.9

5.3

5.4

Gadoterate

DOTA

Macrocyclic

Ionic

558.6

1350

2.0

4.2

6.7

Gadopiclenol

NA

Macrocyclic

Nonionic

970.1

843

7.6

12.8

15.1

 

 

 

Name

Ligand

Thermodynamic Stability

Conditional Stability

Kinetic Stability

Dissociation Constant

Excess Ligand

Stability Classification

 

 

(pH 14)

(pH 7.4)

(37°C, pH 1)

Kobs

 

EMA

 

 

(Log Ktherm)

(Log Kcond)

(T½; hours)

(s-1)

(mmol/l)

 

 

Gadopentetate

 

DTPA

 

22.5

 

18.4

 

0.16

 

0.58

 

1

 

Low

Gadodiamide

DTPA-BMA

16.9

14.9

0.01

12.7

25

Low

Gadobenate

BOPTA

22.6

18.4

NA

0.41

0

Intermediate

Gadoxetate

EOB-DTPA

23.5

18.7

NA

0.16

 

Intermediate

Gadoteridol

HP-DO3A

23.8

17.1

2.0

0.00026

0.5

High

Gadobutrol

BT-DO3A

21.8

15.5

7.9

0.000028

1

High

Gadoterate

DOTA

25.6

19.3

26.4

0.000008

0

High

Gadopiclenol

NA

18.7

15.5

120.0

0.000002

NA

NA

NA = not available

 

Sources S2:          van der Molen, Eur J Radiol 2008; Port, Biometals 2008; Rohrer, Invest Radiol 2005; Robic, Invest Radiol 2019; Szomolanyi, Invest Radiol 2019; Personal communication with medical departments of Bayer Healthcare, Bracco Imaging, GE Healthcare, Guerbet.