Succes / falen

Abdalla, M. (2015) Management of pelvic fracture urethral distraction injury: evaluation of three modalities of management. European urology, supplements. 14, e952

Postoperative maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) of 15 ml/s or more(without any auxiliary measures or with only single endoscopic intervention) was considered to be the indicator of success.

Abdalla, M. A. (2008). "A posterior sagittal pararectal approach for repair of posterior urethral distraction injuries." European Urology 53(1): 191-196.

Clinical outcome was considered a success at the time that no postoperative procedure was needed.

Abdalla, M., et al. (2015) Initial management of pelvic fracture urethral distraction injury: urethral realignment versus suprapubic tube. European urology, supplements. 14, e340

Postoperative maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) of 15 ml/s or more was considered to be the indicator of success.

Akhtar, A., et al. (2017). "Looking beyond oral mucosa: Initial results of everted saphenous vein graft urethroplasty (eSVGU) in long anterior urethral strictures." Arab Journal of Urology Print 15(3): 228-235.

Failure was defined as failure to void, need for interventions in form of direct-vision internal urethrotomy or endodilatation.

Akyuz, M., et al. (2018). "Characteristics of the urethroplasty and our approach-Experience in patients with urethral stricture." Turkish Journal of Urology 21: 21.

maximum flow rate of over 15 mL/sec were evaluated as success.

Aldamanhori, R. B., et al. (2018). "Contemporary outcomes of hypospadias retrieval surgery in adults." BJU International 122(4): 673-679.

Of the 31 patients who underwent a one-stage repair, six (19%) needed fistula closure, all of which were successful. No patient required a further urethroplasty during follow-up.

Alwaal, A., et al. (2016). "Urethral Stricture Score is Associated with Anterior Urethroplasty Complexity and Outcome." Journal of Urology 195(6): 1817-1821.

We defined stricture recurrence as the need for a secondary procedure

Andrich DE, Dunglison N, Greenwell TJ, Mundy AR. The long-term results of urethroplasty (2003). J Urol. 170(1): 90-2.

Re-stricture is defined as symptoms and investigations showing the presence of a recurrent stricture whether or not patients chose to have further treatment.

Barbagli, G., et al. (2008). "Dorsal onlay skin graft bulbar urethroplasty: long-term follow-up." European Urology 53(3): 628-633.

Clinical outcome was considered a failure when postoperative instrumentation, including dilation, was needed.

Barbagli, G., et al. (2013). "Ventral oral mucosal onlay graft urethroplasty in nontraumatic bulbar urethral strictures: surgical technique and multivariable analysis of results in 214 patients." European Urology 64(3): 440-447.

considered a failure when any postoperative instrumentation was needed.

Barbagli, G., et al. (2018). "Anterior Urethroplasty Using a New Tissue Engineered Oral Mucosa Graft: Surgical Techniques and Outcomes." Journal of Urology 200(2): 448-456.

Patients who underwent further treatment for recurrent stricture were classified as having treatment failure.

Barbagli, G., et al. (2018). "Treatments of 1242 bulbar urethral strictures: multivariable statistical analysis of results." World Journal of Urology 15: 15.

Patients who underwent further treatment for recurrent stricture were classified as failures.

Broadwin, M. and A. J. Vanni (2018). "Outcomes of a urethroplasty algorithm for fossa navicularis strictures." Canadian Journal of Urology 25(6): 9591-9595.

isolated fossa navicularis strictures Stricture recurrence was measured by inability to pass 17 Fr flexible cystoscope.

Chapman, D. W., et al. (2019). "Nontransecting Techniques Reduce Sexual Dysfunction after Anastomotic Bulbar Urethroplasty: Results of a Multi-Institutional Comparative Analysis." Journal of Urology 201(2): 364-370.

Study outcomes were urethroplasty success, defined as urethral patency greater than 16Fr on cystoscopy

Chapman, D., et al. (2017). "Independent Predictors of Stricture Recurrence Following Urethroplasty for Isolated Bulbar Urethral Strictures." Journal of Urology 198(5): 1107-1112.

Urethroplasty failure was defined as stricture less than 16Fr identified on cystoscopy with a minimum of 12 months of followup.

Dalpiaz, O., et al. (2008). "Single-stage dorsal inlay split-skin graft for salvage anterior urethral reconstruction." BJU International 101(12): 1565-1570.

Success was defined by the absence of symptoms and stable maximum flow rate, while any further instrumentation was considered a failure.

DeLong, J. and J. Buckley (2013). "Patient-reported outcomes combined with objective data to evaluate outcomes after urethral reconstruction." Urology 81(2): 432-436.

Flexible cystoscopy (17F) ???

El Dahshoury, Z. M. (2009). "Modified annular penile skin flap for repair of pan-anterior urethral stricture." International Urology & Nephrology 41(4): 889-894.

Urethral patency was documented clinically, urodynamically, by RUG, and by urethroscopy ???

Elgamal, S., et al. (2011) Dorsal onlay (Barbagli Technique) versus dorsal inlay (asopa technique) buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty for anterior urethral stricture: a prospective randomized study. European urology, supplements. 10, 266 DOI: 10.1016/S1569-9056%2811%2960828-2

A successful outcome was defined as normal voiding with no stricture on the voiding cysto‐urethrogram and no need for subsequent instrumentation.

Elkady, E., et al. (2018). "Bulbospongiosus Muscle Sparing Urethroplasty Versus Standard Urethroplasty: A Comparative Study." Urology 31: 31.

Success was defined as normal voiding without any auxiliary procedures.

Erickson, B. A., et al. (2014). "Multi-institutional 1-year bulbar urethroplasty outcomes using a standardized prospective cystoscopic follow-up protocol." Urology 84(1): 213-216.

Anatomic failure was defined as the inability to pass a flexible cystoscope without force. Functional failure was defined as the need for a secondary procedure.

Fransis, K., et al. (2010). "Results of buccal mucosa grafts for repairing long bulbar urethral strictures." BJU International 105(8): 1170-1172.

A successful outcome was defined as normal voiding with no stricture on the voiding cysto-urethrogram and no need for subsequent instrumentation.

Fu, Q., et al. (2011). "Transperineal bulbo-prostatic anastomosis for posterior urethral stricture associated with false passage: a single-centre experience." BJU International 108(8): 1352-1354.

Clinical outcome was considered a failure when any postoperative instrumentation was needed, including dilatation.

Haider, A. and S. M. Mahmud (2018). "Pericatheter urethrogram after anastomotic urethroplasty: Is it a must?" Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 34(5): 1191-1194.

In our series, Qmax less than 15 ml/s on UFM were considered to have recurrence and these patients were subjected to ascending urethrogram after six weeks of procedure.

Helmy, T. E. and A. T. Hafez (2013). "Internal urethrotomy for recurrence after perineal anastomotic urethroplasty for posttraumatic pediatric posterior urethral stricture: could it be sufficient?" Journal of Endourology 27(6): 693-696.

The eventual surgical success was defined as asymptomatic voiding without clinical evidence of residual stricture (good flow rate and absence of residual urine).

Hong, Y. K., et al. (2017). "Predictors for success of internal urethrotomy in patients with urethral contracture following perineal repair of pelvic fracture urethral injuries." Injury 48(5): 1035-1039.

Success was defined as greater than 15mL/s of peak urinary flow rate at 1year after IU without any clinical evidence of urethral contracture.

Horiguchi, A., et al. (2019). "Single-surgeon series of delayed anastomotic urethroplasty for pelvic fracture urethral injury: an analysis of surgical and patient-reported outcomes of a 10-year experience in a Japanese referral center." World Journal of Urology 14: 14.

Success was defined as a urethral lumen large enough for passage of a 17-Fr flexible cystoscope.

Hoy, N. Y., et al. (2013). "Expanded use of a dorsal onlay augmented anastomotic urethroplasty with buccal mucosa for long segment bulbar urethral strictures: analysis of outcomes and complications." Urology 81(6): 1357-1361.

Stricture recurrence was defined as a segment <16F on cystoscopy or the presence of intractable voiding symptoms.

Hwang, J. H., et al. (2013). "Clinical factors that predict successful posterior urethral anastomosis with a gracilis muscle flap." Korean Journal of Urology 54(10): 710-714.

A successful clinical outcome was defined as achieving a peak urinary flow rate greater than 15 mL/s at 3 and 12 months postoperatively without evidence of stricture recurrence on a retrograde urethrogram or cystourethroscopy at 3 months postoperatively.

Javali, T. D., et al. (2016). "Management of recurrent anterior urethral strictures following buccal mucosal graft-urethroplasty: A single center experience." Urology annals 8(1): 31-35.

Failure was defined as requirement of any postoperative procedure.

Kahokehr, A. A., et al. (2018). "A Critical Analysis of Bulbar Urethroplasty Stricture Recurrence: Characteristics and Management." Journal of Urology 200(6): 1302-1307.

Recurrence, which was defined as the need for intervention, was diagnosed with cystoscopy or retrograde urethrogram.

Kinnaird, A. S., et al. (2014). "Stricture length and etiology as preoperative independent predictors of recurrence after urethroplasty: A multivariate analysis of 604 urethroplasties." Canadian Urological Association Journal 8(5-6): E296-300.

Failure was defined as a recurrent stricture <16 Fr on cystoscopic assessment.

Levine, M. A., et al. (2014). "Revision urethroplasty success is comparable to primary urethroplasty: a comparative analysis." Urology 84(4): 928-932; quiz 932-923.

The primary outcome was urethral patency assessed by cystoscopy.

Meeks, J. J., et al. (2011). "Urethroplasty for radiotherapy induced bulbomembranous strictures: a multi-institutional experience." Journal of Urology 185(5): 1761-1765.

Recurrence was defined as cystoscopic identification of urethral narrowing to less than 16Fr in diameter.

O'Riordan, A., et al. (2008). "Outcome of dorsal buccal graft urethroplasty for recurrent bulbar urethral strictures." BJU International 102(9): 1148-1151.

failure was defined as the need for further intervention.

Palmer, D. A., et al. (2016). "Urethral Reconstruction with Rectal Mucosa Graft Onlay: A Novel, Minimally Invasive Technique." Journal of Urology 196(3): 782-786.

Graft failure was defined as inability to pass a 16Fr cystoscope in the grafted urethra.

Palminteri, E., et al. (2008). "Combined dorsal plus ventral double buccal mucosa graft in bulbar urethral reconstruction." European Urology 53(1): 81-89.

Successful reconstruction was defined as normal voiding without the need for any postoperative procedure including dilation.

Prakash, G., et al. (2018) Is circumferential urethral mobilisation an overdo? A prospective outcome analysis of dorsal onlay and dorso - lateral onlay BMGU for anterior urethral strictures. International Braz J Urol 44, 323‐329 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2016.0599

success rate (no obstructive symptoms, no need of any postoperative intervention, Q max > 15mL/sec), sexual functions (using Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory) were compared.

Reyad, A. M., et al. (2018). "Dorsal versus ventral strip augmented anastomotic bulbar urethroplasty: retrospective study." International Urology & Nephrology 50(7): 1257-1261.

stricture recurrence occurred in 5 (12.5%) in ventral strip group compared to 6 (23.1%) in dorsal group, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.5). Stricture recurrence was defined as the need for subsequent urethrotomy or urethroplasty during the period of follow-up.

Rosenbaum, C. M., et al. (2015). "Internal urethrotomy in patients with recurrent urethral stricture after buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty." World Journal of Urology 33(9): 1337-1344. SALVAGE PROCEDURE NA URETHROPLASTIEK

Stricture recurrence was defined as maximum flow rate (Q max) <15 ml/s and a consecutively verified stricture in a combined retro- and antegrade voiding cystography or cystoscopy at a follow-up visit.

Rosenbaum, C. M., et al. (2016). "Redo buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty: success rate, oral morbidity and functional outcomes." BJU International 118(5): 797-803.

The primary endpoint was success rate, defined as stricture-free survival. Stricture recurrence was defined as any postoperative claims of catheterization, dilatation, urethrotomy or repeat urethroplasty, or a maximum urinary flow rate <15 mL/s, and a stricture was consecutively verified in a combined cysto-urethrogram or cystoscopy at annual follow-up visit.

Saez-Barranquero, F., et al. (2016). "Anastomic urethroplasty in bulbar urethral stricture. 13 years experience in a department of urology." Archivos Espanoles de Urologia 69(1): 24-31.

The definition of success was a postoperative flowmetry with Qmax>15 ml/s, and in case of lower flow, we perform a cystoscopy to verify recurrence of stenosis or exclude other pathology.

Seibold, J., et al. (2011). "Urethral ultrasound as a screening tool for stricture recurrence after oral mucosa graft urethroplasty." Urology 78(3): 696-700.

stricture recurrence or patency as well as to urethral diameter. Retrograde urethrography was done to confirm the diagnosis.

Sharma, A. K., et al. (2013). "Analysis of short-term results of monsieur's tunica albuginea urethroplasty as a definitive procedure for pan-anterior urethral stricture." Urology annals 5(4): 228-231.

Results were analyzed as success or failure based on findings of post‑operative RGU, UFR (>15 or <10 ml/sec), need of further instrumentation, and post‑operative urethroscopy.

Singh, B. P., et al. (2010). "Impact of prior urethral manipulation on outcome of anastomotic urethroplasty for post-traumatic urethral stricture." Urology 75(1): 179-182.

Success was defined as no obstructive urinary symptoms, maximum urine flow rate > or = 15 mL/s, normal urethral imaging and/or urethroscopy, and no need of any intervention in the follow-up period.

Soliman, M., et al. (2014) Dorsal onlay urethroplasty using buccal mucosa graft versus penile skin flap for management of long anterior urethral strictures: a prospective randomized study. Scandinavian Journal of Urology 48, 466‐473 DOI: 10.3109/21681805.2014.888474

Success was reported when there were no obstructive symptoms on IPSS, with a peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) of at least 15 ml/s.

Srivastava, A., et al. (2013). "Initial experience with lingual mucosal graft urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 69(1): 16-20.

Success was defined as normal uroflowmetry rates at 3 months in the absence of any postoperative instrumentation.

Sukumar, S., et al. (2018). "Multi-Institutional Outcomes of Endoscopic Management of Stricture Recurrence after Bulbar Urethroplasty." Journal of Urology 200(4): 837-842. SALVAGE PROCEDURES NA URETHROPLASTIEK

Recurrence was defined as the inability to pass a 17Fr cystoscope through the area of reconstruction.

Tam, C. A., et al. (2016). "The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) Is an Inadequate Tool to Screen for Urethral Stricture Recurrence After Anterior Urethroplasty." Urology 95: 197-201.

Data analyzed included pre- and post-operative answers to the IPSS in addition to findings from a same- day cystoscopy. IPSS from men found to have cystoscopic recurrence were then compared to scores from those with successful repairs, and receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted

Voelzke, B. B., et al. (2012). "Blunt pediatric anterior and posterior urethral trauma: 32-year experience and outcomes." Journal of pediatric urology 8(3): 258-263.

All three urethroplasty failures responded favorably to internal urethrotomy; however, one failed anterior repair and one of the two failed posterior repairs required two internal urethrotomy operations for success. Failure was defined as the need for urethral dilation or internal urethrotomy after repair No secondary urethroplasty operations were required and ultimately all patients were voiding per urethra without need for urethral dilation.

Wang, P., et al. (2008). "Modified urethral pull-through operation for posterior urethral stricture and long-term outcome." Journal of Urology 180(6): 2479-2485.

Clinical outcomes were considered a success when no postoperative procedure was needed.

Yadav, S. S., et al. (2018). "Technique for single-stage reconstruction of obliterative or near-obliterative long urethral strictures in circumcised patients." Investigative And Clinical Urology 59(3): 213-219.

Success was defined as no requirement for additional urethral instrumentation. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 32 months.

Yalcinkaya, F., et al. (2015). "Dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty in the treatment of urethral strictures - does the stricture length affect success?" Advances in Clinical & Experimental Medicine 24(2): 297-300.

The clinical outcome was defined as a failure when any operative instrumentation including dilatation was needed or the urine flow rate was less than 14 mL per second at the sixth month, postoperatively.